{"id":15021,"date":"2022-03-08T11:11:30","date_gmt":"2022-03-08T11:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/?p=15021"},"modified":"2025-03-07T12:32:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T07:02:21","slug":"direct-and-indirect-speech-a-complete-guide-to-the-english-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/direct-and-indirect-speech-a-complete-guide-to-the-english-language\/","title":{"rendered":"Direct and Indirect Speech | A complete guide to the English language"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 id=\"direct-and-indirect-speech-an-overview\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Direct and Indirect Speech | An overview <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are numerous times when we need to recount a recent incident or action, and this frequently entails repeating what someone said. A social scenario, as well as a business email or presentation, are examples of such moments. There are two sorts of speech used to characterize what someone said: Direct and Indirect speech. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, it is important to comprehend the differences between direct and indirect speech rules. We&#8217;ll begin by defining each one. It&#8217;s worth noting that indirect communication is sometimes referred to as reported speech. Let us look at the definition and direct speech and indirect speech examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-tf-widget=\"vtVG85l8\" data-tf-iframe-props=\"title=English proficiency Guide\" data-tf-medium=\"snippet\" data-tf-hidden=\"hubspot_utk=xxxxx,hubspot_page_name=xxxxx,hubspot_page_url=xxxxx,utm_source=ORGANIC_SEARCH,utm_medium=Blog,utm_campaign=direct-and-indirect-speech-a-complete-guide-to-the-english-language\" style=\"width:100%;height:500px;\"><\/div><script src=\"\/\/embed.typeform.com\/next\/embed.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"definition-of-direct-and-indirect-speech\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Definition of Direct and Indirect Speech<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"direct-speech\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Direct Speech&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One approach for describing what someone said is to use direct speech.&nbsp;When the words are delivered precisely as the speaker spoke them, it is referred to as direct speech. In other words, the words are quoted exactly as they are.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When presenting the direct speech, the words are usually placed in quote marks, with a comma following say(s) \/ said if used to convey the speech. A comma should be put before say(s) \/ said if it is placed after the quote.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"examples-of-direct-speech\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Direct Speech<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Common example-&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Joey came in and said, \u201cI\u2019m really hungry.\u201d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Verbs such as &#8216;ask, &#8220;reply,&#8217; and shout&#8217; are also used to express direct communication. Here are three examples explaining the same. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>When Mrs Geller opened the door, I asked, \u201cHave you seen Ross?\u201d<br>She replied, \u201cNo, I haven\u2019t seen him since lunchtime.\u201d<br>The boss was angry and shouted, \u201cWhy isn\u2019t he here? He hasn\u2019t finished that report yet!\u201d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Other examples of Direct Speech-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Rachel said, &#8220;Don&#8217;t take the break without asking me.&#8221;<br>Monika says, &#8220;I will help you with your work.&#8221;<br>&#8220;We are prepared to revise the law if we can&#8221;, the judge said.<br>The principal said, &#8220;You must wear the proper uniform.&#8221;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\" href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/english-learning-books-to-boost-your-language-skills\/\">Read more: 5 English learning books to boost your language skills<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"indirect-speech\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indirect Speech&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Also known as reported speech, indirect speech is a type of communication in a non-direct manner. Indirect discourse or indirect narrative are other terms for it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indirect speaking is when you report what someone else stated in your own words without affecting the meaning.&nbsp;We can use indirect speech to convey what someone said without using speech marks or using the exact words.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We use report verbs to present an indirect <a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/english-speech-topics-best-topics-to-engage-your-audience\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">speech<\/a>. Here are a few examples-&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>say(s)\/said (that)<br>told me (that)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>You may leave the words in brackets in any sentence, spoken or written.&nbsp;You can refer to these sentences to understand better. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>What did he say?<br>He said I should get a makeover<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"other-examples-of-indirect-speech\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other examples of Indirect speech<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>She said (that) she would definitely win it.<\/li><li>Phoebe told me (that) I had to come back in the evening.<\/li><li>The committee said (that) they will try and clear the garbage.<\/li><li>He told me (that) he was feeling anxious.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication.png\" alt=\"Communication - direct and indirect speech \" class=\"wp-image-15031\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication.png 500w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication-345x230.png 345w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication-370x247.png 370w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication-440x294.png 440w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Communication-170x113.png 170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Indirect communication is sometimes referred to as reported speech.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The main distinction between direct and indirect speech is that direct speech is the repetition of the exact words spoken by someone else, but in indirect speech, you use your own words to describe something that someone else sopke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direct speech is easy to use and comprehend since it just repeats what has already been spoken. Apart from getting the say(s)\/said right, there isn&#8217;t much to be confused about with the <a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/english-grammar-books-amazing-books-for-students\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">grammar<\/a>.&nbsp;Here&#8217;s an example of the same. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u201cWe\u2019re quite hot in here.<\/td><td>They say (that) they\u2019re hot.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>We usually don&#8217;t alter the tense when reporting what someone says in the present simple, like in the preceding line. Instead, we change the subject.&nbsp;However, when reporting on the past, we normally shift the <a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/important-tenses-rules-with-examples\/\">tense <\/a>by taking a step backwards. In indirect speech, the present simple becomes the past simple in the following sentence. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u201cI have a new bike.\u201d<\/td><td>He said he had a new bike.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>All of the other tenses in indirect speech follow a similar pattern. For each of the main tenses, here is an example-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He said, \u201c I live in the city center.\u201d (<strong>Present simple<\/strong>)<\/td><td>He said he lived in the city center.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, \u201cI\u2019m going out.\u201d (<strong>Present continuous<\/strong>)<\/td><td>She said she was going out.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>I said, \u201c I&#8217;ve been studying a lot.\u201d (<strong>Present perfect continuous<\/strong>)<\/td><td>I said that I had been studying a lot.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He said \u201cI\u2019ve finished.\u201d (<strong>Present perfect<\/strong>)<\/td><td>He said he had finished.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, \u201cI arrived before you.\u201d (<strong>Past simple<\/strong>)<\/td><td>She said she had arrived before you.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He said, \u201cI had already left.\u201d (<strong>Past perfect<\/strong>)<\/td><td>He said he had already left.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, \u201cI will be there at 3 pm.\u201d (<strong>Future simple)<\/strong><\/td><td>She said she would be there at 3 pm.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Modal verbs follow the same rule of moving the tenses back one step.&nbsp;Here are some examples of the same. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He said, \u201cI can dance.\u201d<\/td><td>He said he could dance.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, \u201dShall we go?\u201d<\/td><td>She asked if we should go.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>He said, \u201cI may sleep there.\u201d<\/td><td>He said he might sleep there.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"using-the-words-say-and-tell\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using the words &#8216;say&#8217; and &#8216;tell&#8217;<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1.jpg\" alt=\"Direct and indirect speech exam\" class=\"wp-image-11371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1.jpg 500w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1-345x230.jpg 345w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1-440x294.jpg 440w, https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/education-idea-concept-reading-researching-exam-1-170x113.jpg 170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Break your learning into small chunks to make it easy for you to grasp everything. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>In reported speech, we can also use &#8216;tell&#8217; (&#8216;told&#8217; in the past) instead of say,&#8217; but you must include the object pronoun in this situation.&nbsp;Consider the following examples-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>He<strong> told me <\/strong>he was going to call Rachel.<\/li><li>They <strong>told him<\/strong> they would arrive a little late.<\/li><li>You <strong>told us <\/strong>you\u2019d already finished the dinner.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"changing-the-time-expressions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Changing the time expressions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s also possible that you&#8217;ll need to adjust time-related phrases. However, this will depend on the context and when you&#8217;re reporting the speech.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You must presume that the speech is being reported in the future. So,&nbsp;expressions like &#8216;yesterday&#8217; or &#8216;tomorrow&#8217; make sense in the context of the reported speech.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When reporting a speech, it&#8217;s often essential to adjust the time phrases, especially if you&#8217;re talking about the past and the time reference no longer applies.&nbsp;Here are some other examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, &#8220;We need your assistance <strong>now<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/td><td>She said they needed my assistance <strong>then<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u201cI had a headache <strong>yesterday<\/strong>.\u201d<\/td><td>You said you\u2019d had a headache the <strong>day before.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>She said, &#8220;He will bring the book <strong>tomorrow<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/td><td>She said that she would bring the book the <strong>next day<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"changing-pronouns\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Changing Pronouns<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Indirect speech also requires changing the pronouns from what they were in direct speech, as well as adjusting the initial pronoun to reflect the person who made the statement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Direct Speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Indirect Speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8220;<strong>I<\/strong> want to meet <strong>you <\/strong>later&#8221;.<\/td><td><strong>She <\/strong>said s<strong>he <\/strong>wanted to meet <strong>me <\/strong>later.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8220;<strong>You<\/strong> have to come back in the afternoon&#8221;<\/td><td>Moika told me <strong>I <\/strong>had to come back in the afternoon.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8220;<strong>We<\/strong> like it a lot&#8221;<\/td><td>They said <strong>they <\/strong>liked it a lot.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8220;<strong>I<\/strong> have been walking with <strong>my <\/strong>husband&#8221;&nbsp;<\/td><td>She said <strong>she <\/strong>had been walking with <strong>her <\/strong>husband.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"key-takeaways\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key takeaways<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The English language contains a lot of important topics that you need to practice to clear any competitive <a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/google-word-coach-your-ielts-toefl-study-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">exam<\/a> with flying colors. <\/li><li>Direct and Indirect Speech is one of such important topics that should master. <\/li><li>Now, don&#8217;t dread the learning. Refer to the above mentioned examples and practice this topic. Reading a short tale story in English or a news article online, which both offer numerous examples of reported speech, is a wonderful and simple approach to observe how they are applied.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s all we have for you in this blog! If you have any questions\/suggestions, feel free to<a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/en\/contact-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> reach out to us<\/a> or drop a comment below! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Liked this blog? Read next: <a href=\"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/parts-of-speech-in-english-an-overview-on-important-sections\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Parts of Speech in English | An overview on 8 important sections<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-tf-live=\"01HE5GAHE385QD7RWNY0DDXD4C\" title=Study Abroad Poll\" data-tf-medium=\"snippet\" data-tf-hidden=\"utm_source=ORGANIC_SEARCH,utm_medium=Blog,utm_campaign=direct-and-indirect-speech-a-complete-guide-to-the-english-language,hubspot_utk=xxxxx,hubspot_page_name=xxxxx,hubspot_page_url=xxxxx\" style=\"width:100%;height:500px;\"> <\/div><script src=\"\/\/embed.typeform.com\/next\/embed.js\"><\/script>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"faqs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"BlogPosting\",\n  \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n    \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n    \"@id\": \"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/direct-and-indirect-speech-a-complete-guide-to-the-english-language\/\"\n  },\n  \"headline\": \"Direct and Indirect Speech | A complete guide to the English language\",\n  \"description\": \"Ever wondered what exactly is direct and indirect speech? Read on to get a basic understanding of direct and indirect speech.\",\n  \"image\": \"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Direct-and-Indirect-speech-feature.jpg\",  \n  \"author\": {\n    \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n    \"name\": \"iSchoolConnect\",\n    \"url\": \"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/en\/\"\n  },  \n  \"publisher\": {\n    \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n    \"name\": \"iSchoolConnect\",\n    \"logo\": {\n      \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/ischoolconnect.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/isc-Logo.png\"\n    }\n  },\n  \"datePublished\": \"2022-03-08\",\n  \"dateModified\": \"2022-03-08\"\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q1.<\/strong> <strong>How do you teach kids the difference between direct and indirect speech?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer- <\/strong>First, have one of your pupils read a simple statement to you. Then, have the student relay the information to you using direct speech first, then indirect speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q2. Where do we use Direct speech?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer-<\/strong> Direct speech is used in creative writing, story writing, narration, informal communication, etc. In some instances, it is used in formal writing too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q3.<\/strong> <strong>How do you change Direct speech to Indirect speech?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer-<\/strong> Remove the inverted commas and change the first-person statement inside the inverted commas to the second-person statement without changing the tense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"How do you teach kids the difference between direct and indirect speech?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"First, have one of your pupils read a simple statement to you. Then, have the student relay the information to you using direct speech first, then indirect speech.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"Where do we use Direct speech?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Direct speech is used in creative writing, story writing, narration, informal communication, etc. In some instances, it is used in formal writing too.\"\n    }\n  },{\n    \"@type\": \"Question\",\n    \"name\": \"How do you change Direct speech to Indirect speech?\",\n    \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n      \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n      \"text\": \"Remove the inverted commas and change the first-person statement inside the inverted commas to the second-person statement without changing the tense.\"\n    }\n  }]\n}\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Direct and Indirect Speech | An overview There are numerous times when we need to recount a recent incident or action, and this frequently entails repeating what someone said. A social scenario, as well as a business email or presentation, are examples of such moments. There are two sorts of speech used to characterize what [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":15480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1411,54],"tags":[1277],"class_list":["post-15021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academics","category-test-preps","tag-direct-and-indirect-speech"],"better_featured_image":{"id":15480,"alt_text":"Direct and Indirect speech","caption":"","description":"Learn Direct and Indirect speech. 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