US vs Canada for International Students in 2025

Studying abroad is a dream for many international students, and choosing between the US vs Canada for international students in 2025 can be challenging. Both countries offer world-class education, diverse cultures, and ample opportunities. This guide will compare the two based on various factors to help you make an informed decision.

Choosing between the US vs Canada for international students in 2025 is a significant decision, especially for Indian students. Each year, around 232,851 Indian students opt to study in the USA, while approximately 217,410 choose Canadian universities. The cost of living in the USA is about 13.8% higher than in Canada, and graduates from US institutions typically earn an average salary of $150,000 (INR 12,507,277.50), compared to approximately CAD 110,000 (INR 67,08,850.04) for Canadian graduates. Additionally, the visa application fees favor Canada, with a cost of 150 CAD (INR 9,148.43) versus the US’s 160 USD (INR 9,758.33). Ultimately, Canada or USA, which is better for Indian students, depends on their career goals and preference for long-term settlement options.

Read More: Top 6 reasons why you should study in USA

US vs Canada: Which Country Offers Better Education?

Both the United States and Canada offer high-quality education systems recognized globally. While they share several similarities, each country provides distinct academic structures and degrees to international students.  Here’s an in-depth look at how the US vs Canada for international students in 2025 is, comparing their education systems to help you make an informed decision. Check Study in USA vs Study in Canada details here 

Education System in the USA

Degrees earned in the United States are renowned worldwide for their prestige and comprehensive curriculum. The US education system provides various types of degrees for international students:

1. Undergraduate (Bachelor’s Degree):
   • Typically, it is a four-year program that culminates in a Bachelor’s degree.
   • Students complete a blend of core (general education) courses and electives within their chosen field of study.
2. Master’s Degree (1–2 years):
   • Focuses on a specific area of study within a broader field.
   • These programs include lectures, seminars, and research assignments and may require a thesis or final project.
3. Doctoral Degree (PhD, 4–7 years):
   • PhD programs in the US involve advanced coursework, comprehensive exams, and original research culminating in a dissertation.
   • These programs prepare students for scholarly careers in academia and research.

Read More: MS in Machine Learning in the USA 2024

Education System in Canada

Canada is a top destination for international students, especially from India, offering various degree programs:

1. Bachelor’s Degree (3–4 years):
   • Undergraduate programs in Canada typically last between three to four years.
   • Some popular Undergraduate programs include the Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science (BSc), and Bachelor of Engineering (BEng).
2. Master’s Degree (1–2 years):
   • Advanced degrees require one to two years of study after completing a bachelor’s degree.
   • Common Master’s programs include the Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MSc), and Master of Business Administration (MBA).
3. Doctoral Degree (PhD, 3–6 years):
   • Canada offers PhD programs that typically last three to six years, focusing on original research and the completion of a dissertation paper.
   • It is the highest level of academic qualification in Canada, requiring several years of research and study beyond a master’s degree.

Read more: MBBS in Canada

Popular Courses in the USA and Canada

When considering the US vs Canada for international students in 2025, it’s crucial to explore the popular courses in the USA and Canada that align with global job market trends and student aspirations.

Popular Courses in the USA

International students frequently choose the following courses when studying in the United States:

• MBA: The MBA program offers extensive networking opportunities and career advancement potential, making it a top choice for aspiring business leaders.
• Computer Science: A degree in computer science provides a solid foundation for high-demand careers in IT and software development, with job growth projected at 12% through 2028.
• Data Science: With the rise of data-driven decision-making, a degree in data science opens doors to various lucrative roles, including data scientist and business analyst.
• Business Analytics: This course focuses on analyzing business data to drive strategic decisions, offering ample career opportunities in the finance and technology sectors.
• Medicine: Studying medicine in the USA is highly esteemed, leading to a career in healthcare with globally recognized qualifications.
• Mechanical Engineering: This field remains vital, with a projected job growth of 10% from 2022 to 2032, offering diverse opportunities in various industries.
• Psychology: A psychology degree prepares students for careers in mental health, with an expected 11% job growth for clinical psychologists from 2022 to 2033.
• Finance: Finance courses equip students for high-paying careers in investment banking and wealth management, making it one of the most lucrative fields of study in the USA.

Popular Courses in Canada

For those considering studying in Canada, here are some popular courses to consider:

• Computer Science and IT: A degree in computer science and IT equips students with essential skills for in-demand roles in software development and technology, with the tech sector projected to continue its rapid growth.
• Media & Journalism: This field prepares students for a dynamic career in digital media, broadcasting, and journalism, emphasizing critical thinking and communication skills vital for navigating today’s information landscape.
• Applied and Pure Sciences: Programs in applied and pure sciences offer diverse pathways into research, healthcare, and environmental fields, catering to students interested in hands-on problem-solving and scientific inquiry.
• Health and Medicine: Health and medicine programs are designed for students aiming to enter the healthcare sector, focusing on critical thinking and practical skills necessary for patient care and medical research.
• Hospitality & Tourism: This course prepares students for careers in the booming hospitality and tourism industry, emphasizing customer service, management, and operational skills essential for success in a globalized market.

USA vs. Canada: Top University Choices for Indian Students

According to the QS World University Rankings 2025, several prestigious universities from both the USA and Canada have secured notable spots. Below is a list of top-ranked universities in the USA and Canada according to the QS ranking 2025, helping you decide Canada or USA, which is better for Indian students seeking excellence in education.

US Universities	QS – WUR 2025	Canadian Universities	QS – WUR 2025
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)	#1	University of Toronto	#25
Harvard University	#4	McGill University	#29
Stanford University	#6	University of British Columbia	#38
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)	#10	University of Alberta	#96
University of Pennsylvania	#11	University of Waterloo	#115
University of California, Berkeley (UCB)	#12	Western University	#120
University of Chicago	#21	University of Montreal	#159
Princeton University	#22	McMaster University	#176
Yale University	#23	University of Ottawa	#189
Johns Hopkins University	#32	University of Calgary	#198

Read more: Top universities for MBA in Canada 2024

Admission Requirements: US vs Canada for International Students in 2025

Both the United States and Canada have similar admission processes, but each country has distinct standards and prerequisites for students pursuing undergraduate or postgraduate programs.

Admission Requirements for the USA:

1. Undergraduate Programs:
   • High School Diploma: Completion of 12 years of education.
   • Standardized Tests: SAT or ACT scores (depending on the institution and optional in some cases).
   • English Proficiency: TOEFL or IELTS scores (Duolingo test is accepted by some colleges).
   • GPA: Universities consider your high school GPA.
2. Postgraduate Programs:
   • Bachelor’s Degree: Completion of a four-year undergraduate degree (Indian students with a three-year degree may need additional qualifications).
   • Standardized Tests: GRE for science courses, GMAT for management courses.
   • English Proficiency: TOEFL or IELTS scores are mandatory.
   • Work Experience: Some MBA programs may require prior work experience.

Admission Requirements for Canada:

1. Undergraduate Programs:
   • Secondary Education: Completion of 12 years of schooling with an average of 75% or higher.
   • Standardized Tests: SAT scores may be required for some programs.
   • English Proficiency: TOEFL (80-100), IELTS (minimum 6.5 overall, with no band below 6.0), or PTE Academic (58-65).
2. Postgraduate Programs:
   • Bachelor’s Degree: A recognized undergraduate degree with a GPA of at least 3.0 on a 4.0 scale.
   • Standardized Tests: GRE for engineering courses, GMAT for management programs.
   • English Proficiency: TOEFL, IELTS, or CAEL (minimum score of 60).

While both countries offer quality education, Canadian universities generally have slightly less stringent admission requirements, particularly in terms of standardized testing and GPA. This may make it easier for Indian students to gain admission to Canadian institutions compared to their U.S. counterparts. Thus, when considering Canada or USA, which is better for Indian students, the more accessible admission process in Canada could be a significant advantage.

Tuition Fees: USA vs Canada

The cost of tuition for Indian students varies between the USA and Canada, with the USA generally being more expensive. The table below provides a breakdown of average tuition fees for undergraduate and master’s programs in both countries for 2025.

Program Type	USA Tuition Fees (2025)	Canada Tuition Fees (2025)
Undergraduate Courses	INR 8,33,858 – INR 31,68,662	INR 9,53,340 – INR 32,50,950
Master’s Programmes	INR 20,84,646 – INR 50,03,055	INR 8,34,446 – INR 27,81,081

USA or Canada: Which is better for living?

The cost of living is another key factor for Indian students. Generally, Canada offers lower living expenses compared to the USA, as illustrated in the table below.

Expense	Living Expenses in USA (INR)	Living Expenses in Canada (INR)
Food	INR 12,607.50 –  INR 16,810.00	INR 9,138.00 – INR12,184.00
Accommodation	INR 1,47,087.50	INR1,16,783.64
Transport	INR 5,883.50	INR 6,396.60
Utilities	INR 16,810.00 –  INR 25,215.00	INR 12,184.00 –  INR 15,230.00

Student Visa Requirements

When considering studying abroad, understanding the visa requirements is crucial. Here’s a breakdown of the student visa requirements for the US vs Canada for international students in 2025.

USA Student Visa (F1 Visa)

To study in the USA, international students must apply for an F1 visa, which is required for full-time study in programs exceeding 18 hours per week. The key requirements include:

• Eligibility: Students must be accepted into a program that requires more than 18 hours of study per week, applicable to both undergraduate and graduate programs.
• Documentation: Required documents include personal identification, academic records, professional credentials, and proof of financial support.
• Costs: The application fee is INR 15,550 along with a SEVIS fee of INR 29,419.
• Work Regulations: Students can work a maximum of 20 hours per week during the academic term and up to 40 hours during holidays and breaks. Work is limited to on-campus employment, typically in university-related facilities like bookstores or cafeterias.

Canada Student Visa (Study Permit)

For studying in Canada, international students need a study permit. The following regulations apply:

• Eligibility: A study permit is mandatory for students enrolling in academic, professional, or vocational training at a designated learning institution (DLI) in Canada.
• Documentation: Applicants must provide proof of acceptance from a DLI, financial means to cover tuition and living expenses, and police clearance to ensure no criminal record.
• Costs: The application fee for a study permit is INR 9,139.39.
• Work Regulations: Students can work a maximum of 20 hours per week during academic sessions and full-time during university breaks.

Post-Study Work Permits: USA vs Canada

Post-Graduate Work Permit in Canada (PGWP)

• Duration: Canadian graduates can apply for a Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP), valid for up to 3 years, depending on the length of the program.
• PR Pathway: PGWP holders can apply for permanent residency under the Canadian Experience Class (CEC) or through a Provincial Nominee Program (PNP), provided their job aligns with Canada’s National Occupational Classification (NOC) Skill Type 0, A, or B.

Post-Graduate Work Permit in the USA (OPT Visa)

• Duration: F1 visa holders can work for one year through the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program. STEM graduates can apply for an additional 24-month extension, totaling up to 36 months.
• PR Pathway: International students can apply for permanent residency (Green Card) if sponsored by an employer while working under OPT. The H-1B visa, valid for 3 years (extendable to 6 years), is another option to continue working and eventually apply for a Green Card.

Canada offers a more straightforward path to permanent residency through its Post-Graduation Work Permit, making it a more favorable option for international students.

Permanent Residency in the USA vs. Canada

Many international students aim for permanent residency (PR) after finishing their university studies. Here’s a brief overview of the processes in the USA and Canada:

PR in the USA

• Process: Achieving PR in the USA involves obtaining a Green Card, which typically requires at least five years of residency under employment conditions.
• A Green Card allows individuals to live and work permanently in the USA, but the application process can take years due to complexity and potential backlogs.

PR in Canada

• Process: In Canada, students can apply for PR during their Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) period under the Canadian Experience Class.
• Canada’s demand for skilled workers makes it generally easier to obtain PR compared to other countries.

Job Profiles and Average Salaries in the USA vs Canada

As international students explore their career options, it’s important to compare job profiles and average salaries in the USA and Canada. This breakdown of the US vs Canada for international students in 2025 highlights the best job opportunities that can shape future careers.

Job Profile	Average Salary in the USA (in INR)	Average Salary in Canada (in INR)
HR Manager	INR 50,94,680 –  INR 83,54,000	INR 62,63,951 –  INR 83,54,000
Financial Analyst	INR 51,78,200 –  INR 83,54,000	INR 45,10,045 –  INR 60,96,913
Aerospace Engineer	INR 83,54,000 –  INR 1,67,01,500	INR 56,79,316 –  INR 81,84,896
Business Analyst	INR 58,46,355 –  INR 83,54,000	INR 48,44,122 –  INR 67,65,067
Project Manager	INR 55,95,796 –  INR 83,54,000	INR 55,95,796 –  INR 83,54,000
Civil Engineer	INR 57,62,835 –  INR 83,54,000	INR 47,60,603 –  INR 74,33,222

This comparison between job profiles and average salaries illustrates the opportunities available for international students in both regions. Ultimately, the decision of Canada or USA: which is better for jobs depends on individual career goals and preferences.

Key Takeaways

• Both the USA and Canada offer high-quality education, with the USA excelling in MBA, Computer Science, and Data Science, while Canada stands out in Computer Science, Media & Journalism, and Health & Medicine.
• When considering the US vs Canada for international students in 2025, the cost of living is about 13.8% higher in the USA. Tuition fees in the USA range from INR 8,33,858 to INR 31,68,662, while in Canada, they range from INR 9,53,340 to INR 32,50,950.
• Canada provides a 3-year Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) to facilitate a smoother transition to permanent residency, whereas the USA allows F1 visa holders to work for one year under the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program, with possible extensions for STEM graduates.
• Both countries are culturally diverse, but Canada is often viewed as more welcoming due to its inclusive immigration policies, creating a favorable environment for international students.

FAQs

Ques.1: Is it better to study in Canada or the USA?

Ans: Both countries are great for Indian students looking to pursue higher education. Canada stands out with its flexible immigration options and easier pathways to obtaining a Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) and Permanent Residency. In contrast, the USA boasts some of the world’s top universities and offers excellent career opportunities.

Ques.2: Canada or USA: which is better for jobs?

Ans: When deciding between Canada and the USA for jobs, consider your industry and preferences. The USA has strong opportunities in tech and finance but faces tough competition. Canada offers great technology, business, and healthcare options in a more welcoming environment.

Ques.3: Is Canada Cheaper Than the USA?

Ans: Yes, Canada is generally less expensive than the USA. Tuition fees at Canadian institutions are significantly lower, and living expenses in Canada are also more affordable, averaging around ₹8,89,279 (14,598 CAD), while in the USA, they are around ₹16,81,073 (20,038 USD).